Comprehensive Guide to Parts of Speech: Rules & Examples

Rule	Example
Names a person, place, thing, or idea.	teacher, park, apple, love
Proper nouns are capitalized.	Sarah, London, Ganga
Plural nouns often end in -s or -es.	dogs, boxes

Nouns

Rule	Example
Replace nouns to avoid repetition.	He, she, it, they
Pronouns must agree with antecedents in number and gender.	John lost his book.
Some pronouns show possession.	mine, yours, theirs

Pronouns

Rule	Example
Show an action or state of being.	run, write, is, seem
Verb tense changes with time.	eat/eating/ate/eaten
Auxiliary verbs help the main verb.	is running, has eaten

Verbs

Rule	Example
Describe or modify nouns and pronouns.	beautiful girl, five apples
Comparative adjectives compare two items.	taller, smarter
Superlative adjectives compare three or more items.	tallest, smartest

Adjectives

Rule	Example
Modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.	She sings beautifully.
Many adverbs end in -ly.	quickly, softly
Describe when, where, how, or to what extent.	yesterday, here, very

Rule	Example
Show the relationship between a noun (or pronoun) and another word.	on the table, under the bed
Always part of a prepositional phrase.	in the park, near the lake

Prepositions

Rule	Example
Connect words, phrases, or clauses.	and, but, or
Coordinating conjunctions join equal elements.	I like tea and coffee.
Subordinating conjunctions join a dependent clause to an independent clause.	I stayed because it rained.

Conjunctions

Rule	Example
Express strong emotions.	Wow! Oh no! Hooray!
Often followed by an exclamation mark.	Yay! We won!

Interjections

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Comprehensive Guide to Parts of Speech: Rules & Examples with Detailed Tables