NCERT Class 9 Geography Notes: Physical Features of India Question and Answers | Fill in the blanks

Here are some potential questions and answers based on the chapter Physical Features of India from Class 9 Social Studies (Geography):

1. Question: How were India’s physical features formed?

Answer: India’s physical features were formed due to tectonic plate movements over millions of years. The collision of the Indo-Australian plate with the Eurasian plate led to the formation of the Himalayas. Other features like the plains and plateaus were shaped by volcanic and tectonic activity, erosion, and sediment deposits by rivers.

2. Question: Name the six major physiographic divisions of India.

Answer: The six major physiographic divisions of India are:

• The Himalayan Mountains
• The Northern Plains
• The Peninsular Plateau
• The Indian Desert
• The Coastal Plains
• The Islands

3. Question: Describe the three parallel ranges of the Himalayan Mountains.

Answer:

• Himadri (Greater Himalayas): The northernmost and highest range, containing some of the world’s tallest peaks, like Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga.
• Himachal (Lesser Himalayas): Located south of Himadri, known for its beautiful valleys and hill stations.
• Shiwaliks (Outer Himalayas): The southernmost and lowest range, made of sedimentary rocks, prone to erosion and landslides.

4. Question: How are the Northern Plains of India formed?

Answer: The Northern Plains were formed by the alluvial deposits brought by the rivers Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra over thousands of years. These deposits created vast, fertile plains that support extensive agriculture.

5. Question: What are the main features of the Peninsular Plateau?

Answer: The Peninsular Plateau is the oldest landmass in India, formed by tectonic and volcanic activity. It consists of two main parts:

• Central Highlands: Located to the north.
• Deccan Plateau: Extending towards the south. This region has mineral-rich resources and includes mountain ranges like the Aravalli, Vindhya, Satpura, Western Ghats, and Eastern Ghats.

6. Question: Where is the Thar Desert located, and what are its characteristics?

Answer: The Thar Desert, also known as the Great Indian Desert, is located in western Rajasthan. It is characterized by sandy soil, sparse vegetation, high temperatures, and shifting sand dunes.

7. Question: What are the differences between the Western and Eastern Coastal Plains?

Answer:

• Western Coastal Plains: Located along the Arabian Sea, narrower compared to the Eastern Plains, and includes the Konkan, Kannad, and Malabar coasts.
• Eastern Coastal Plains: Located along the Bay of Bengal, broader than the Western Coastal Plains, with fertile deltas of rivers like the Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri.

8. Question: Name the two main island groups of India and describe them.

Answer:

• Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Located in the Bay of Bengal, volcanic in origin, known for biodiversity and coral reefs.
• Lakshadweep Islands: Located in the Arabian Sea, coral islands, smaller in size and population.

9. Question: Explain the significance of India’s diverse physical features.

Answer: India’s diverse physical features are significant because:

• The fertile plains support agriculture, the primary livelihood for many people.
• The rich biodiversity of different regions contributes to the environment and tourism.
• The plateau regions contain mineral resources vital for industrial growth.
• Each landscape has cultural and historical importance, enhancing India’s tourism and heritage value.

10. Question: What is alluvial soil, and why is it important?

Answer: Alluvial soil is a fertile soil deposited by rivers, found mainly in the Northern Plains. It is crucial for agriculture as it supports the cultivation of various crops, making the Northern Plains one of the most agriculturally productive regions in India.

These questions cover the core aspects of the chapter and provide a comprehensive understanding of the physical geography of India.

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FILL INTHE BLANKS

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Here are some fill-in-the-blank questions based on the chapter Physical Features of India:

1. The Earth’s lithosphere is divided into __________, which move over the mantle.
   • Answer: tectonic plates
2. The __________ Mountains are the youngest and highest mountain range in the world.
   • Answer: Himalayan
3. The Northern Plains were formed by the deposition of __________ soil brought down by rivers.
   • Answer: alluvial
4. The Himalayas consist of three parallel ranges: Himadri, Himachal, and __________.
   • Answer: Shiwaliks
5. The __________ Plateau is the oldest landmass in India, rich in mineral resources.
   • Answer: Peninsular
6. The __________ Desert, also known as the Thar Desert, is located in western Rajasthan.
   • Answer: Indian
7. The Northern Plains are drained by major river systems like the __________, __________, and __________.
   • Answer: Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra
8. The __________ Coastal Plain lies along the Arabian Sea, while the __________ Coastal Plain lies along the Bay of Bengal.
   • Answer: Western, Eastern
9. The __________ Islands in the Bay of Bengal are known for their rich biodiversity and coral reefs.
   • Answer: Andaman and Nicobar
10. The __________ in the eastern part of India is the world’s largest delta, formed by the Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers.
    • Answer: Sundarbans